Bio PNG or Bio Natural Gas is a type of renewable energy source, which is generated through the process of anaerobic digestion of organic matter. This process breaks down any organic material by microorganisms and produces methane and carbon dioxide gas. Bio PNG can be generated from many types of organic matter, such as agricultural residues, cattle dung, sugarcane press mud, municipal solid waste and sewerage treatment plant waste and Napier grass - Bio PNG can be blended into natural gas pipeline and can be supplied to homes and industries through the same pipeline. It is a clean and renewable energy source, which helps in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
The process of blending Bio PNG with PNG (Pipeline Natural Gas) is as follows:
1. Bio PNG generation: First of all, Bio PNG is generated by the process of anaerobic digestion, as I explained earlier.
2. Gas cleaning: The generated Bio PNG is cleaned, removing impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, moisture, and other contaminants.
3. Gas upgrading: To upgrade Bio-PNG, the percentage of methane in it is increased by separating CO2 from it.
4. Pipeline quality: The upgraded Bio PNG is brought into pipeline quality, in which the quality of the gas is made equal to standard pipeline natural gas.
5. Blending: Now, pipeline quality Bio PNG is blended in the PNG pipeline, in which it is mixed with natural gas.
6. Distribution: Bio PNG-blended PNG is distributed in homes and industries, where it is used as energy.
This process is called "Bio PNG injection" or "Bio PNG blending". This process improves renewable energy generation and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
CBG-CGD Synchronisation policy has been made by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India, under which the use of 5 percent Bio PNG in CGD network has been made mandatory. Under this policy, a provision is being made to increase the use of Bio PNG to 40 percent phase by phase.